In vitro Biological Activities of Most Common Medicinal Plants of Family Solanaceae

Medicinal plants are valuable and used for the synthesis of numerous drugs. Indigenous plants are traditionally used against various ailments. Present work is based on the research conducted on methanolic crude plant extracts of three medicinal plants of family solanaceae i.e. leaves of Datura inoxia Mill., Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal and Solanum surrattense were screened to investigate the biological activities i.e. antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antitumor activities. Antibacterial activity was performed against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive), Vibrio cholera, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Escherichia coli (Gram negative) by following the disc diffusion method. Antifungal activity was conducted against Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigates. Antioxidant activity was performed by following the DPPH free radical scavenging method. Brine shrimps lethality bioassay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic activity. Antitumor activity was screened through potato disc bioassay. Considerable biological activities were exhibited by each methanolic extract of plants. MIC exhibited by three plants was 15 mg/ml. Maximum antifungal activity was exhibited by Datura inoxia i.e. 74%. Solanum surrattense showed maximum antioxidant activities i.e. 76%. LD calculated for cytotoxic activity that 50 was significant for all the plants. Withania somnifera exhibited best anti tumor activity i.e. 75% inhibition of tumor. Abbreviations: SDA (Sabouraud Dextrose Agars), DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide), MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration), DOX (Doxycycline), DPPH (2, 2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazy), RSA (Radical scavenging activity)